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 The Duties of the Angels

With which duties are the angels entrusted and is their number far more than the human beings?

The number of the angels is only known by Allah. Their mission is to tasbeeh (1), dhikr Allah (swt). Along with this they carry out many tasks and responsibilities as well.
There is no precise information about the number of angels. But it can be said that angels outnumber all the existences that have been created.
Angels are also an ummah (2) as human beings are and they are a far more crowded community than the mankind.
There are numerous angels assigned to pursue responsibilities in the world, in the seven fold heavens, in graves, barzakh (3), in the positions called the Arsh and kursy.
Various scholars of Islam have made many classifications of the duties of angels.
The actual task of the angels is to tasbih (glorify) Allah and to serve for Him. Along with this, they have various duties depending on their locations and status.
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Four Great Angels

: (Gabriel) Jibreel (upon whom be peace) is the angel whose task is to convey the revelation from Allah to His Messengers. Azraeel (upon whom be peace), responsible for taking people’s souls, is the Angel of Death. Mikaa’eel, upon whom be peace, is responsible for distribution of sustenance wherever Allah wishes. Israafeel (upon whom be peace) is responsible for carrying out duties regarding life giving.
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Jund-u Subhani (Allah’s soldiers):

They are the angels who stone the jinns and the shaitans (in order to drive them away) who maliciously eavesdrop and tease the other angels. They also take part in jihads by Allah’s will and help the servants of Allah (swt).

“O you, who believe, remember Allah's favour onto you; when there came against you hosts, and We sent against them a great wind and hosts you could see. And Allah is ever Seer of what you do.”(Ahzab, 9)
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Hamala-i Mumtasil (Commander Carriers):

they are the angels who convey Allah’s commands (ameer) to the earth.

Abdullah bin Abbas reported that: Some companions from Ansar (4) gave me this information : While they were sitting with the Messenger of Allah(pbuh), a star had shot and everywhere was illuminated. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessing be upon him) asked them: “What did you use to say when you saw a shooting star at the age of ignorance (jahiliyyah)?” They said Allah and the Messenger of Him (pbuh) knew better. “When we saw something like this we used to say a great man either was born or passed away.” The Messenger of Allah (pbuh) responded as follows: “It must be born in mind that no one’s birth or death is related to a shooting star. However; when the Almighty Allah decides something, the Angels bearing the Arsh begin to tasbih (praise and glofiry Allah) and community of heaven begin to tasbih (praise and glofiry Allah) afterwards, the tasbih is conveyed to those of the earth. After that, the subordinate angels of bearing the Arsh ask the bearers of the Arsh: “What did Allah say?” And they convey what the Almighty Allah said to them. This information is conveyed to the earth. At that time, the Jinns who maliciously eavesdrop are stoned by a star. What they have brought is totally correct but they distort them with lies.”
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Amala-i Mumassil (Representative workers):

They are the worker angels who are the executers, representatives, conveyors of the laws which are called the laws of nature (Adatullah) enforcing order and control of the universe.
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Ibad-ı Musabbih (glorifying creatures):

They are the angels who constantly tasbih (praise and glorify) Allah.

“And unto Allah makes prostration whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth of living creatures, and the angels (also) and they are not proud.” (An-Nahl 49)
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Malaika-i Muakkal (agent angels):

That even the unconscious creatures such as mountains, birds tasbih the Almighty Allah is mentioned in the Qur’anic verses.It is these angels who transform and submit each glorification of these unconscious creatures to Allah in the name of them in a conscious way.

“The seven heavens and the earth, and all beings therein, declare His glory.” (Isra; 44)

"Surely we subdued the mountains to declare the glory (of Allah) in unison with Davut (peace be upon him) at the evening and the sunrise." (Sad; 18)
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Mukarrab Malaika of Arsh:

They are the angels whose duties are to tasbih and remember Allah and are very close to Him and honorable and highly esteemed angels in the presence of Allah. They also beseech Allah’s forgiveness for the sinful.
The angels who bear the Arsh (the Throne of Allah) and those around Allah praise their Lord with gratitude and affirm Him and ask for forgiveness for those who believe: Our Lord! You embrace all things with your mercy and knowledge, therefore grant your forgiveness to those who turn follow your way, and save them from the torments of the hell. (Mumin/Gafir; 7)
Ibn-i Kesir reported for the interpretation of this verse that the four Angels bearing the Arsh and other angels around the Arsh praise their Lord with gratitude.
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Angels concerning human beings:

In the front rant of this group come the four great angels. These angels are the ones protecting, recording the deeds of man, praying for the humans, staying with the humans while praying, accompanying humans from the mother’s womb to the grave.
1- Tasbih: to utter sentences glorifying, praising Allah repetitively
2- Ummah: "Community of the Believers" (ummat al-mu'minin), and thus the whole Muslim world.
3- Barzakh: Barzakh is the intermediate state in which the soul of the deceased is transferred across the boundaries of the mortal realm into the spiritual world where the soul will rest until the Qiyamah, Judgment Day, either harshfully or painlessly depending on how righteous the person was before his death.
4- Ansar is a term meaning "helper" and denotes the Medinan citizens that helped Muhammad, (pbuh), and the Muhajirun on the arrival to the city after the Migration to Medina. Kaynak: http://askaquestionto.us - The Duties of the Angels